If you’ve ever had a student miss a deadline, cram for a test at the last minute, or freeze up when assigned a long-term project, you’ve seen what it looks like when students struggle to plan. These aren’t isolated incidents of laziness or lack of motivation—they’re often signs of an executive function skill deficit in […]

In middle school classrooms, many teachers encounter students who struggle with self-regulation. Some students have a hard time staying calm when expected, others blurt out inappropriate comments, and some don’t recognize when they need to stop a certain behavior. These challenges are often indicators of an executive function deficit, particularly in the area of self-control. […]

As elementary school teachers, understanding how to develop working memory can transform the way we approach student learning needs and improve academic performance. When students struggle with staying on task, memorizing facts, or completing multi-step assignments, it may not be a motivation issue—it may be a sign of an executive function deficit in working memory. […]

When students struggle with self-assessment, it can significantly impact their academic performance and overall learning experience. Self-monitoring is a critical component of executive function, enabling students to evaluate their work, understand grading systems, and identify errors. However, many high school students face executive function challenges that prevent them from effectively engaging in this process. Understanding […]